Learn a new word every day. advocating antifeminism. [54] In November 2014, Time magazine included "feminist" on its annual list of proposed banished words. [60][61], The Independent Women's Forum (IWF) is another antifeminist, conservative, women-oriented group. Find another word for anti-feminist. … a publicly abusive faction of men's right advocates and, Post the Definition of anti-feminist to Facebook, Share the Definition of anti-feminist on Twitter, The Difference Between 'Hoard' and 'Horde'. [24][25], Moreover, other antifeminists oppose women's entry into the workforce, political office, or the voting process, as well as the lessening of male authority in families. [39] Their methods include actions such as "insults proffered in emails or on the telephone, systematic denigration of feminism in the media, Internet disclosure of confidential information (e.g. "[67] Similar strands of thought are found in the incel subculture, which centers around misogynist fantasies about punishing women for not having sex with them. As it turned out, the most indicative factors when predicting ERA position, especially among women, were race, marital status, age, and education. Like other conservative women's groups, they oppose abortion and same-sex marriage and make appeals for maternalism and biological differences between women and men. The current of anti-feminism which developed in the newer religious orders …. [27], The "women's movement" began in 1848, most famously articulated by Elizabeth Cady Stanton demanding voting rights, joined by Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony and others who also pushed for other rights such as education, job freedom, marital and property rights, and the right to choose when or whether to become a mother. einzelne, mehrere oder sämtliche feministische Anliegen wenden. The pro-family movement appeared in the late 19th century, by about 1870. Anti-trans feminists are canceling Biden for signing an order that reverses Trump's definition of gender as 'biological sex' Some women saying they don't need it", "Not all feminists: How modern feminism has become complicated, messy and sometimes alienating", "Am I a feminist? Like feminism, this can describe a broad range of ideas, which we shall attempt to divide into 3 groupings. This is because women's movements may demand access to male-dominated positions within the religious sector, like the clergy, and women's movements threaten male-oriented values of some religions. In the early 21st century antifeminism has sometimes been an element of violent, far-right extremist acts. However, it was defeated in Congress when it failed to get the vote of thirty-eight legislatures by 1982. Men's responses to increased feminism varied. There were two reasons antisuffragists opposed women participating in the political realm. [28] However, by the end of the century, a cultural counter movement had begun. Anna Howard Shaw, president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) from 1904 to 1915, presumed, perhaps unfairly, that the antisuffragists were merely working under the influence of male forces. Kimmel further writes that antifeminist argumentation relies on "religious and cultural norms" while proponents of antifeminism advance their cause as a means of "'saving' masculinity from pollution and invasion". What changed my mind was learning that a lot of what I thought feminists believed was false – including the idea that gender oppression only affects women. Another theory holds that women who feel vulnerable and dependent on men are likely to oppose anything that threatens that tenuous stability; under this view, while educated, independent career women may support feminism, housewives who lack such resources are more drawn to antifeminism. The vast popularity of the book caused such a buzz that the Civil Service Commission had to create a "publicity campaign to improve the image of federal employees"[36] in hopes to save their federal employees from losing their jobs. Can you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words? Attention all you man-hating feminists: Watch out for Roy Den Hollander. Bei uns wird hohe Sorgfalt auf eine faire Festlegung des Tests gelegt und das Testobjekt in der Endphase mit einer finalen Bewertung bepunktet. It's younger and less established than the CWA, though the two organizations are often discussed in relation to each other. [41], Authors Janet Saltzman Chafetz and Anthony Gary Dworkin, writing for Gender and Society, argue that the organizations most likely to formally organize against feminism are religious. Antifeminism, also spelled anti-feminism, is opposition to some or all forms of feminism. [35] What they opposed was women participating in the political sphere. ", This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 15:09. Himmelstein identifies two prevailing theories that seek to explain the origins of antifeminism: the first theory, proposed by Himmelstein, is that conservative opposition in the abortion and Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) debates has created a climate of hostility toward the entire feminist movement. "’. A person who believes in equality between sexes, but does not believe that Feminist philosophy shares those ideals. More from Merriam-Webster on anti-feminist, Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for anti-feminist. [30], In the 19th century, one of the major focal points of antifeminism was opposition to women's suffrage, which began as a grassroots movement in 1848 and spanned for 72 years. — Margaret W. Labarge. Anti-feminists understand that feminism is a danger to society. Anti-feminism is opposition to feminism in some or all of its forms. [33] This movement built the foundation for many pro-family arguments in contemporary antifeminism. [61], Many who affiliate with the alt-right movement are antifeminist,[62][63] with antifeminism and resentment of women being a common recruitment gateway into the movement. addresses) on resources for battered women"[6] and more. [51][52] As a response to a pro-feminism speech by Australian Labor Senator Penny Wong,[53] several women who identify as being humanist and antifeminist argued in an article for the Guardian that feminism is a discriminatory ideology and continues to portray women as victims. [39] Supporters of an unaltered ERA rejected the Hayden rider, believing an ERA containing the rider did not provide for equality. A new section to the ERA was added, stating: "The provisions of this article shall not be construed to impair any rights, benefits, or exemptions now or hereafter conferred by law upon persons of the female sex." He argues that antifeminists consider the "traditional gender division of labor as natural and inevitable, perhaps also divinely sanctioned. Video shows what antifeminist means. Wir haben im großen Anti feminist definition Test uns die empfehlenswertesten Produkte verglichen und die brauchbarsten Eigenschaften zusammengetragen. [33] This movement was intended to halt the rising divorce rate and reinforce traditional family values. ", "Reform activity that challenged either the subordination of women to men or the patriarchal limitation of women's status provoked an antifeminist response that included an intellectual and political campaign to halt progress toward women's rights and equality. Some men even subscribed to feminist ideology, but others went the other direction and became decidedly antifeminist. [26] They argue that a change of women's roles is a destructive force that endangers the family, or is contrary to religious morals. This is good because the active mode is also politically efficient in its season. Note that this definition of antifeminism limits its reference to reactions against critiques of gender-based hierarchies and efforts to relieve the oppression of women. ‘the article was interpreted as anti-feminist’. [3][4][5], Canadian sociologists Melissa Blais and Francis Dupuis-Déri write that antifeminist thought has primarily taken the form of masculinism, in which "men are in crisis because of the feminization of society". [39] Because of the support of antifeminism from conservatives and the constant "conservative reactions to liberal social politics", such as the New Deal attacks, the attack on the ERA has been called a "right-wing backlash". In fact, leaders of the movement often encouraged other women to leave the home and participate in society. “Anti-feminist.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anti-feminist. Anti feminist definition - Der absolute Favorit der Redaktion. Some argued that women were already overburdened. [35], In 1951, two journalists published Washington Confidential. Does it matter how the Equal Rights Amendment is worded? To put it simply, anti-feminism is an opposition to the principles and an idea of feminism. ", "Antifeminism, then, repudiates critiques of male supremacy and resists efforts to eliminate it (often accompanied by dismissal of the idea that change is possible). See more. [35] Later historians tended to dismiss antisuffragists as subscribing to the model of domestic idealism, that a woman's place is in the home. antifeminist - someone who does not believe in the social or economic or political equality of men and women bigot - a prejudiced person who is intolerant of any opinions differing from his own male chauvinist, sexist - a man with a chauvinistic belief in the inferiority of women [29], University of Illinois at Chicago sociology professor Danielle Giffort argues that the stigma against feminism created by antifeminists has resulted in organizations that practice "implicit feminism", which she defines as the "strategy practiced by feminist activists within organizations that are operating in an anti- and post-feminist environment in which they conceal feminist identities and ideas while emphasizing the more socially acceptable angles of their efforts". Opposed to feminism. Her anti-feminism was rooted in her opposition to “federal solutions to personal problems,” be they programs to alleviate poverty, provide health care, or educate young children. [33] Speaking on behalf of the League in an 1887 address to the Evangelical Alliance Conference, Samuel Dike described the ideal family as having "one man and one woman, united in wedlock, together with their children". This self-proclaimed "anti-feminist" lawyer (Web site tag line: "Now is … More example sentences. The National League for the Protection of the Family, formerly known as the Divorce Reform League, took over the movement in 1881. Antisuffragists feared this would, in fact, hinder their influence with legislative authorities. It was founded to take on the "old feminist establishment". [59], The Concerned Women of America (CWA) are also an antifeminist organization. Antiabortion views helped further several right-wing movements, including explicit antifeminism, and helped right-wing politicians rise to power. [29] The more successful a feminist movement is in challenging the authority of male-dominated groups, the more these groups will organize a countermovement. In 1950 and 1953, ERA was passed by the Senate with a provision known as "the Hayden rider", making it unacceptable to ERA supporters. [42] Women who opposed the ERA tended to fit characteristics consistent with the Religious Right.[43]. [45], Some current antifeminist practices can be traced back to the rise of the religious right in the late 1970s. [7] BBC and Time, among others, have covered the 2014 social media trend #WomenAgainstFeminism. Slippery Words Quiz—Changing with the Times. If you look up the definition of “Feminism” in the dictionary, you’ll see these statements: Feminism is: 1. controversy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antifeminism&oldid=1001406668, Articles with limited geographic scope from May 2017, Pages in non-existent country centric categories, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, That social arrangements among men and women, "The two major waves of antifeminist activity coincide with the two waves of the women's rights movement: the campaign to secure female suffrage in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the feminist movement of the late twentieth century. [68], The examples and perspective in this article, Learn how and when to remove this template message, African-American women's suffrage movement, lower college entrance rates of young men, "How anti-feminism is shaping world politics", Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, "How the women's movement taught women to hate men", "#BBCtrending: Meet the 'Women Against Feminism, Feminism and policy approaches for gender aware development, Feminism and sexuality in the United States, "The alert collector: women's suffrage movement", "Conversations with Alice Paul: Woman Suffrage and the Equal Rights Amendment (, "What's in a Name? Antifeminism (also spelled anti-feminism) is opposition to some or all forms of feminism.Earlier groups of antifeminists have opposed particular policy proposals for women's rights, such as women's suffrage in the late 19th century and early 20th century. [13][14][15], Antifeminism might be motivated by the belief that feminist theories of patriarchy and disadvantages suffered by women in society are incorrect or exaggerated;[12][16] that feminism as a movement encourages misandry and results in harm or oppression of men; or driven by general opposition towards women's rights. Delivered to your inbox! The IWF claims to be "the voice of reasonable women with important ideas who embrace common sense over divisive ideology". Suffragists scoffed at antisuffragists. Himmelstein, however, says both views are at least partially wrong, arguing that the primary dividing line between feminists and antifeminists is cultural rather than stemming from differences in economic and social status. [31][2] Opponents of women's entry into institutions of higher learning argued that education was too great a physical burden on women. Some women, like those in the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League, campaigned against women's suffrage. The anti-feminist groups attacking the Supreme Court’s Roe v. Wade decision : Roe v. Wade was a decision that allowed pregnant women to decide for … Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! Anti-feminist: as in bigot, misogynist. It underwent a shift from fighting against divorce to promoting marriage and traditional family. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Do you know these earlier meanings of words? ", "Reasonable distinctions": an alternative to the ERA, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, "Stop fem-splaining: what 'Women Against Feminism' gets right", "Is feminism still relevant? antagonistic to feminism. Women's suffrage was achieved in the US in 1920, and early 20th-century antifeminism was primarily focused on fighting this. Roe v. Wade was decided in 1973, and abortion was utilized by many antifeminists to rally supporters. In Sex in Education: or, a Fair Chance for the Girls (1873), Harvard professor Edward Clarke predicted that if women went to college, their brains would grow bigger and heavier, and their wombs would atrophy. However, numerous studies have failed to correlate the aforementioned demographic factors with support for antifeminism, and only religiosity correlates positively with antifeminist alignment. Anti-feminist rhetoric is a powerful gateway to violent white nationalism, and it is calculated to appeal to the demographic overwhelmingly responsible for … [41] There are, in fact, similarities between income between activists on both sides of the ERA debate. Antifeminists may oppose feminism for a variety of reasons, such as claiming its differentiate gender and promotes hostility toward men. This couldn’t be further from the truth. ‘I've been labelled anti-feminist for questioning how we care for babies.’. [51], In response to the social media trend, modern day feminists also began to upload similar pictures to websites such as Twitter and Tumblr. Each modality is politically efficient in its season. In the late 19th century and early 20th century antifeminists opposed particular policy proposals for women's rights, such as the right to vote, educational opportunities, property rights, and access to birth control . A person holding an attitude or philosophy in opposition to some or all feminist philosophy. adjective. Thus, most women continue to practice feminism in terms of seeking equality and independence for women, yet avoid the label. [33][34] Samuel Dike was one of the founders of the League, and was considered an early expert on divorce. ‘an anti-feminist emphasis on traditional gender roles’. How have women contributed significantly? This ploy failed once the journalists linked feminism to communism in their novel and ultimately reinforced antifeminism by implying that defending the "white, Christian, heterosexual, patriarchal family" was the only way to oppose communism. [42] ERA opposition was much higher among white, married, older, and less educated citizens. They believe that the feminist movement has achieved its aims and now seeks higher status for women than for men via special rights and exemptions, such as female-only scholarships, affirmative action, and gender quotas. He says that antifeminists oppose "women's entry into the public sphere, the re-organization of the private sphere, women's control of their bodies, and women's rights generally." Janet Chafetz identified in a study 32 first-wave antifeminist movements, including those in the 19th century and early 20th century movements. ‘Big Sister is a valuable book that may, perhaps, be swept off the shelves for being "anti-feminist. These organizations chastise feminists for presuming to universally speak for all women. 19 synonyms and near synonyms of anti-feminist from the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, plus 5 antonyms and near antonyms. "[11], Antifeminist ideology rejects at least one of the following general principles of feminism:[12], Some antifeminists argue that feminism, despite claiming to advocate for equality, ignores rights issues unique to men. [37][38] The Hayden rider was included to keep special protections for women. This undermines and belittles the true power and numbers behind the antisuffrage movement, which was primarily led by women themselves. anti gegen, lateinisch femina ‚Frau‘, -ismus) ist ein Oberbegriff für geistige, gesellschaftliche, politische, religiöse und akademische Strömungen und soziale Bewegungen, die sich gegen den Feminismus bzw. [29] These countermovements were in response to some women's growing demands, which were perceived as threatening to the standard way of life. Canadian sociologists Melissa Blais and Francis Dupuis-Déri write that antifeminist thought has primarily taken the form of masculinism, in which "men are in crisis because of the feminization of society". The meaning of antifeminism has varied across time and cultures, and antifeminism attracts both men and women. … a publicly abusive faction of men's right … These antifeminists contend that feminism demonizes men (misandry) and that women are not oppressed in 21st century Western countries. [21][22][23] For example, the ubiquity of casual sex and the decline of marriage are mentioned as negative consequences of feminism. The majority of them, however, argued that a woman's participation in the political realm would hinder her participation in social and civic duties. By integrating Stop ERA with the thus-dubbed "new right", she was able to leverage a wider range of technological, organizational and political resources, successfully targeting pro-feminist candidates for defeat. Noun. Anti-Feminist Quotes: "The feminist agenda is not about equal rights for women. By 1972, the amendment was supported by both major parties and was immensely popular. [7] Other feminists label writers such as Christina Hoff Sommers, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Katie Roiphe and Elizabeth Fox-Genovese with this term[8][9] because of their positions regarding oppression and lines of thought within feminism.[10]. Type 1) Egalitarian Anti-feminist. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'. How to pronounce anti-feminist (audio) , ˌan- tī- \ noun. That is, women could keep their existing and future special protections that men did not have. anti-feminist noun. I thought feminists were only doing harm to themselves and others, and I proudly proclaimed that I was not a feminist. For example, the perpetrators of the Christchurch massacre and the El Paso shooting appear to have been motivated by the conspiracy theory that white people are being replaced by non-whites largely as a result of feminist stances in Western societies. [66], Antifeminism has been identified as an underlying motivation in far-right extremism. These organizations frame themselves as being by women, for women, in order to fight the idea that feminism is the only women-oriented ideology. Antifeminist Meaning. For example, Paul Gottfried maintains that the change of women's roles "has been a social disaster that continues to take its toll on the family" and contributed to a "descent by increasingly disconnected individuals into social chaos". As the feminist movement has changed since its foundation, the principles and interests of anti-feminism have also changed over the course of history. In the anti-feminist movement, most people assume men are leading the charge. … Accessed 24 Jan. 2021. [36], The Equal Rights Amendment is a perennially proposed amendment to the United States Constitution that would grant equal rights and opportunities to every citizen of the United States, regardless of their sex. [64][65], According to Amherst College sociology professor Jerome L. Himmelstein, antifeminism is rooted in social stigmas against feminism and is thus a purely reactionary movement. One theory is that it was a clash between upper-class liberal voters and the older, more conservative lower-class rural voters who often serve as the center for right-wing movements; in other words, this theory identifies particular social classes as more inherently friendly to antifeminism. The definition of feminism on Merriam-Webster is “the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes.” Yet there is still an increasing belief that feminism is against men, and supports the supremacy of women. Antifeminismus (griech. The anti-feminist principle opposes feminism actively. It is because of feminism we have we have unrestricted sex, the Pill, abortion on demand, an astronomically increased number of single mothers, teenage mothers and women in their 40s struggling with infertility; we have a fatherless generation who haven't seen a better example; chastity is mocked, women are sexualized and coerced into selling themselves cheap; we have no-fault divorce, and deterioration of family. Four women reply (and they're not from the left)", "The many misguided reasons famous ladies say 'I'm Not a Feminist, "#WomenAgainstFeminism goes viral as people explain why they don't need feminism anymore", "Time Magazine apologizes for including 'feminist' in 2015 word banishment poll", The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law, "Alt-right, alt-left, antifa: a glossary of extremist language", "Alt-right in Montreal: The war against women", "How the alt-right's sexism lures men into white supremacy", "To Learn About the Far Right, Start With the 'Manosphere, "Resisting the feminist threat: antifeminist politics in post-Sandinista Nicaragua", "Disabusing the Definition of Domestic Violence: How Women Batter Men and the Role of the Feminist State", Timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting), Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! [61] Both of these organizations pride themselves on rallying women who do not identify with feminist rhetoric together. [40], Jerome Himmelstein identified two main theories about the appeal of antifeminism and its role in opposition to the ERA. Anti-Feminists prefer to follow a more appropriate Biblical representative of women modeled in scripture (Christianity).Many of the Bible verses anti-feminists follow are Ephesians 5:22, … Feminist definition, advocating social, political, legal, and economic rights for women equal to those of men. It is about a socialist, anti-family political movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice witchcraft, destroy capitalism, and become lesbians." [11][17][18][19], Furthermore, antifeminists view feminism as a denial of innate psychological sex differences, and an attempt to reprogram people against their biological tendencies. If they won the right to vote, women would consequently have to align with a particular party, which would destroy their ability to be politically neutral. Though men were not the only antifeminists, men experienced what some have called a "crisis of masculinity"[30] in response to traditional gender roles being challenged. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? Through his efforts, the League garnered attention from pro-family advocates. [66] Due to the stigma against feminism, some activists, such as those involved with Girls Rock, may take the principles of feminism as a foundation of thought and teach girls and women independence and self-reliance without explicitly labeling it with the stigmatized brand of feminism. [35] Arguments employed by antisuffragists at the turn of the century had less to do with a woman's place in the home as much as it had to do with a woman's proper place in the public realm. [32] Other antifeminists opposed women's entry into the labor force, their right to join unions, to sit on juries, or to obtain birth control and control of their sexuality.[11]. The advocacy of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes. [57], In India, the Save Indian Family Foundation is an antifeminist organization[58] opposed to a number of laws that they claim to have been used against men. Men's studies scholar Michael Kimmel defines antifeminism as "the opposition to women's equality". Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible). Abortion remains one of the most controversial topics in the United States. The men who believed in this model cited religious models and natural law to emphasize women's need to return to the private sphere, in order to separate men and women to keep women from outwardly challenging men in public. [ 60 ] [ 61 ] both of these organizations pride themselves on rallying women who opposed ERA! This couldn ’ t be further from the truth right-wing movements, including those in political! Legal, and abortion was utilized by many antifeminists to rally Supporters 21st century Western.. 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