The Olmec associated volcanic rocks and the like with symbolic importance, and so, they carved their sculptures out of them due to this. Review of They Came Before Columbus by Dr. Ivan Van Sertima, Their Eyes were upon me: Learning of Nephilim, They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America, Review of the Undoing Project by Michael Lewis, Thoughts on the Undoing Project by Michael Lewis-Part 2, Follow Gazing off into Space on WordPress.com. Later forced immigrations by Africans to the New World as slaves, and the subsequent development of African-American culture, played a far greater role in shaping the Americas of the 20th century. So anything that isnt physical (like the mind/consciousness) cant studied by science. He was asked to write a magazine piece simplifying and summarizing Weiner. So what does Sabres GM Kevyn Adams do this week? "Imagine Europeans putting slaves into their ships and saying 'hold onto your spears, brothers, you're going to need to trade them.' Van Sertima does not say, but he jumps the conclusion that the spears that were sent to Spain were African spears without providing a basis for why he believes so. on Sept. 2, 1948. There are similarities in Egyptian and Olmec figures such winged-discs consisting of a serpent and wings in both societies. Change). In the documentary, Umar Johnson claims that Africans were going back and forth engaging in cultural and economic trade before Columbus. For example, whereas Van Sertima argued that Africans influenced the civilization of the Americas, Clyde Ahmad Winters goes further by suggesting that Africans founded the Olmec and all other major American civilization, which is a claim that Van Sertima never made. Its really that easy to explain the so-called similar appearances in nose shape between the Olmec heads and African noses. My best guess would be from somewhere(s) in west and/or maybe central Africa. From rhinoplasty to cataract replacement, the Hindu vedic text Sushruta Samhita documents the discovery of advanced surgical techniques centuries before they found their way into the operating theaters of western Europe. In conclusion, Van Sertima misrepresents archaeological, linguistic, botanical etc evidence for his ridiculous claims that Africans settledand created or influencedMesoamerican civilizations. I vaguely remembered images of figurines, masks, and pottery that also originated fromsome African countries. When I thought about it more, I realized that in high school and probably prior I had learned about American History, Western European History, the dynasties of China and Egypt, but what about where my people were likely from? After divorcing his first wife, Sertima remarried in 1984, to Jacqueline L. Patten, who had two daughters. Should we give reparations to black Americans, being that they, 5500 words Introduction Hereditarians champion Asians (specifically East Asians) as proof of their gene-centric worldviewthat their genetic constitution allows their stellar performance in educational and, 2100 words Many people believe that a thing called the G-spotGrafenberg spotexists. [15] This is one of many examples of Van Sertima's theories that Mesoamerican mythologies are based on Pre-Columbian African contact theories. In this book, the author presents evidence and arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the arrival of Columbus and the beginning of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1492. He talks about the risk factors for Bitcoin as an investment asset including origin risk, speculative market structure, regulatory, and environment. Dr James Thompson Psychological Comments, Viera, de Montellano, and Barbour, 1997: 431. Probably Columbus did not believe this, and that fact in itself would not be enough because the so-called Black people could be any people. These people essentially provide written testimonies that support Van Sertimas thesis. In Chapter Four, "Africans Across the Sea", Van Sertima explores numerous ways that he claims Africans could have travelled by boat to South and Central America. Despite this, some individuals would argue: A mass colony of Africans were not shipped from Africa to America. What normativity means has implications for many things in philosophy and science. In 1977, Van Sertima wrote "They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America," a controversial book now in its 21st printing. Isnt it weird how Van Sertima and other Afrocentrists use the same type of tactics as pseudoscientists (i.e., ad hoc hypothesizing)? She also planned to publish a book of his poetry.[25]. A celebrated classic, They Came . Even Columbus, in his second journal, noted that Indians told him of black-skinned people trading in gold-tipped spears, Van Sertima said. If each piece of evidence and argument was listed, the list would be as long as the index. "either completely ignored or generally dismissed by anthropologists, historians and other academic professionals." You have permission to edit this article. I am not completely dismissive of the idea that Abu Bakr could have in fact successfully arrived in the Americas. Over the, 2050 words Introduction Reparations refers to the act or process of righting a historical wrong. No, since they are only telling just-so stories. If you lift that shadow, you help repair that damage. Some paint themselves white, others red, and others of what color they find. Dwayne Wong (Omowale) is a Guyanese born Pan-Africanist and author. Critics in anthropology and archaeology have stated that They Came Before Columbus portrays Native Mesoamerican peoples as inferior and incapable of developing highly sophisticated civilizations, cultures, and technologies without the influence of Africans arriving by boat as gods in their eyes, as Van Sertima puts it. [23] Sertima was inducted into the "Rutgers African-American Alumni Hall of Fame" in 2004. With that being said, the narration isnt the best that Ive heard. Recently, I've been handed a book called "They Came before Columbus" by Ivan Sertima, which asserts that Africans had discovered and traded with the native people of the Americas long before Columbus arrived. Van Sertimas scholarship was flawed in many respects, but he made an attempt to challenge the racist scholarship of his time. In a Medaille College debate moderated by Jesse E. Nash Jr., a Canisius College professor, Barbour and Van Sertima squared off over a theory that has found its way into American classrooms through adoption of "multicultural" materials and curricula. Moreover, he suggests that an early 14th-century Atlantic expedition headed by Mali King Abu Bakari II may have reached the Americas. Van Sertima also includes photos of an African man and woman for comparison, but he does not include pictures of inhabitants of the area where the artifacts were found. Mansa Musa took the throne after the previous ruler, Abu Bakr II, went on an expedition to sail the Atlantic Ocean. Aside from the lack of evidence for this, such a claim simply doesnt even make sense. Ivan Van Sertima's They Came Before Columbus is the first monographic treatment of this problem since Leo Wiener's Africa and the Discovery ofAmerica (3 vols., Philadelphia, 1920-1922), although M. D. W. Jeffreys has littered the intervening fifty years with articles on various aspects of it, often drawing heated responses Van Sertimas research points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radiocarbon dated at 814 B.C. It could be dark, bronze people from South America. In the documentary he says that Mansa Musa is the same person as Montezuma. Van Sertima was convinced there was a connection between ancient Africa and the Americas. Of course I was taken aback by the bold claim. Van Sertima, who stressed that he makes no claims that blacks "discovered" America or launched the ancient cultures of Middle America, said well-known ocean currents acted as a "marine conveyor belt" that brought early voyagers easily from Africa to America. THEY GAME GOLUM BUS The African Presence in Ancient America Ivan Van Sertima Ncruma] has demonstrated that there is far more to hlach history than the trade. Anthropologists, archaeologists, historians and linguists alike have debunked much of the evidence that Menzies used to support his notion, which has come to be called the 1421 theory. One could do worse. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Professor Ivan van Sertima, They Came before Columbus A review by Femi Akomolafe, 19 January 1995. In his famous book, They Came Before Columbus, published in 1976, anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima, a Rutgers professor, claims that African influences can be found in a wide range of cultural similarities between Africa and the ancient Americas. Upon casual reading, it does at least make one take its thesis seriously. Columbus actually said in the journal of his second voyage when he was in Haiti, then known as Espanola, Native Americans came to him and told him that Black people had come in large boats from the south and southeast trading in gold-tipped metal spears. The Eurocentric view of history is being debunked by anthropologic research. 6 Pages. please donate https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=ZPEYVFR6AgeofReason198EKA be a monthly supporter https://www.patreon.com/. Is it harder to believe in Africans crossing the Atlantic, a distance of fifteen hundred miles, than in artists from outer space, etching camels in Marcahuasi [South America], fifteen light-years away from their home star?. Van Sertima was among those who argued that the Olmec had African origins, whereas others such as Mike Xu have argued that the Olmec civilization has Asian roots. However, I want to remain as objective as possible, which is why I'm reaching out to more knowledgeable people such as yourselves. Debunking The Black Indian Myth: From They Came Before Columbus to Hidden Colors In They Came Before Columbus, Ivan Van Sertima put forward the argument that African people were in the. A generation of work in this area had unearthed a large number of Negroid heads in clay, gold, copper and copal sculpted by pre-Colombian American artists. Mansa Musa never traveled to the Americas, so how could he have been Montezuma? In fact, that . Oral traditions of Native Americans, according to reported Mexican authority, Nicholas Leon, include the belief that the oldest inhabitants of Mexico were Negroes among other stories. The book starts by recounting the discovery of pre-Columbian statues in Mesoamerica which contained facial features referred to as negroid. Carbon dating puts the creation of these stone heads to approximately 800 B.C. These chapters serve to support his argument of the contributions African cultures, specifically black African cultures, have made to world cultures and civilizations.[15]. They were then shipped from Spain to Africa as commodity for African resources. [24] He was survived by his wife and four adult children. (Van Sertima, 1972: xiv; They Came Before Colombus). Smart Policies are as low as $30 a month, No Medical Exam Required In his book, "They Came Before Columbus," Van Sertima, a Rutgers professor, says that African influences can be found in an array of cultural similarities between Africa and the ancient Americas - pyramid construction, the use of boat litters, the parasol, the plumed serpent motif, bronze-casting techniques. "[20][n 2], In 1981 Dean R. Snow, a professor of anthropology, wrote that Van Sertima "uses the now familiar technique of stringing together bits of carefully selected evidence, each surgically removed from the context that would give it a rational explanation". This finding flatly contradicted the claim of the historian Herodotus that the Egyptians, compared to the Greeks and other European Caucasoids, were for the most part a black-skinned and wooly-haired people. Van Sertima tells of the emergence of the Mali kingdom and its seafaring ventures, thus providing evidence for sailing capabilities of West Africans. - Ivan Van Sertima This doesnt seem to be an official recording. The Olmec heads, quite obviously, represent the peoples living in lowland Mexiconot Nubians who supposedly sailed across the Atlantic and made contact with pre-Colombian civilizations (Viera, de Montellano, and Barbour, 1997). (LogOut/ Experts have determined that the gourds floated across the Atlantic and washed ashore in the Americas to be adopted by Mesoamerican cultures. Im pretty sure I had taken a World History course before. Their coloration, fullness of lip, prognathism, scarification, tattoo markings, beards, kinky hair, generously fleshed noses, and even in some cases identifiable coiffures, headkerchiefs, helmets, compound earringsall these had been skillfully and realistically portrayed by pre-Colombian American potters, jewelers and sculptures. "The problem was not that the research hadn't been done," he says, "but that no one had examined the available documents and material and pulled from together.". Anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima has set ablaze a mini-controversy with his thesis that Africans set foot upon - and made significant cultural impact on - the New World 22 centuries before Columbus sailed into the West Indies. The others are unidentified. When you push one door, other doors begin to open.". Many historians have worked at debunking the "They Came Before Columbus" and "Africans Were Already In America" myth. Bro, are you serious now?Who brought the slaves from Africa, native Indians or Columbus Europeans?When did slave trade start that Red-Indians became yall history?So in a bid to stay off Africans yall tracing your ancestry to Indians?Mehn thats something else. I am not suggesting that no African people were in the Americas before Columbus. brilliantly [demonstrates] has that there is far more to black history than the slave trade."John A. Williams They Came Before Columbus reveals a compelling, dramatic, and superbly detailed documentation of the presence and legacy of Africans in ancient America.Examining navigation and shipbuilding; cultural analogies between Native Americans and Africans; the . In response to Daniel's review Clarence Weiant, who had worked as an assistant archaeologist specialising in ceramics at Tres Zapotes and later pursued a career as a chiropractor, wrote a letter to the New York Times supporting Van Sertima's work. The reason they didn't enslave Indians is because black ppl are the real Indians which would exspose the slave myth. That's when I decided to take a degree at London University in African anthropology and linquistics.". The description that Columbus gives certainly is not a description of black people in the Caribbean. However, Columbus actually sent back on a mail boat to Spain samples of these gold-tipped metal spears. Snow continued, "The findings of professional archaeologists and physical anthropologists are misrepresented so that they seem to support the [Van Sertima] hypothesis". The accounts of people such as Christopher Columbus himself, Spanish travelers, and Herodotus, though, are harder to debate. Keep reading with unlimited digital access. Sertima then recounts the story of how Christopher Columbus came to venture to the Americas. It was with the coming of Columbus that the twilight of the red and black races began. What did I know or was taught? Not only because of the apparent Asian features of some of the Olmec sculptures, but Xu also attempted to draw a connection between the Olmec script and Chinese characters. I noted before that Van Sertimas claims were flawed in some respects, but his arguments were still logical in certain respects and he did attempt to provide documentation for at least some of his claims even if at times the documentation he presented was misleading. Critics in anthropology and archaeology have stated that They Came Before Columbus portrays Native Mesoamerican peoples as inferior and incapable of developing highly sophisticated civilizations, cultures, and technologies without the influence of Africans arriving by boat as "gods" in their eyes, as Van Sertima puts it. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. From left to right are: Comes Again, Iron Hawk, High Eagle, Dewey Beard and John Sitting Bull. White ppll pulled up to America and realize the whole country was filled with black ppl. We were taken from Africa, but who were we before slavery? Accidental stylazation could not account for the individuality and racial particulars of these heads. If there were an African presence in the Americas, he asked, "why do we not find more African stylistic artifacts?". On 7 July 1987, Van Sertima testified before a United States Congressional committee to oppose recognition of the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's "discovery" of the Americas. The majority of us here in America the descendant of slaves were already aboriginal in America and were the slave population of choice. . For example, Van Sertimas claims that the Olmec heads are Negroid due to the broad flat noses runs into a major problem: nose shape is dictated by climate; the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar; the function of nose shape is to moisten air before it goes into the lungs; therefore, since climate is dictated by nose shape and the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar, then they have similar-shaped noses due to the climate they lived in. 1. "I felt like a man who had come upon a dozen clues to a sensational murder but did not feel too confident about the evidence," he has written. Others hold true to the story of the American slave trade in which enslaved Africans were brought to Americas shores to provide free labor to build the country and grow the economy. Barbour of the University at Buffalo. It could be dark, bronze people from South America. Probably Columbus did not believe this and that fact in itself would not be enough because the so-called Black people could be any people. He published several annual compilations, volumes of the journal dealing with various topics of African history. Long time lurker, first time poster. One of the most striking pieces of evidence is the negroid statues, statues of peoples with thick lips and wide noses. They noted that Olmec stone heads were carved hundreds of years prior to the claimed contact and only superficially appear to be African; the Nubians whom Van Sertima had claimed as their originators do not resemble these "portraits". Van Sertima makes this claim at the very beginning of the video below. Sources of information on such misconceptions and strategies for helping students to overcome them are . In They Came Before Columbus, Van Sertima argues that Egyptian journey to the Americas happened during the rule of the 25th dynasty, which was the Kushite dynasty that ruled Egypt. Van Sertima repeated this claim again when he testified in front of the House of Representatives: Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. The psyche of blacks is raised. Learn how your comment data is processed. No, these grown adults SERIOUSLY believe that there were Indians(that look like modern-day B Americans) that were here before Native Americans. Genome-wide ancestry estimates of African Americans show average proportions of73.2% African, 24.0% European, and 0.8% Native American ancestry, according to The Genetic Ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States study published by U.S. National Library of MedicineNational Institutes of Health. So again, thanks. ". Are some Black Americans trying to distance themselves from Africa and rewrite history by ignoring such evidence as DNA? This statement is horribly misinformed. So below are my questions: Is there any truth or evidence that strongly supports the argument that Africans arrived in the Americas before Columbus? This was all that I could recall being formally taught. The Case for Reparations for Black Americans, On Asian Immigration to the United States, Hyper-Selectivity, and Hereditarian Musings on Asian Academic Success, The Sexualization of Steatopygia and Adaptationist Claims of Sex Organs, On the So-Called Laws of Behavioral Genetics, The Answer to Hereditarianism is Developmental Systems Theory, Mind, Science, and the First- and Third-Person, Why Purely Physical Things Will Never Be Able to Think: The Irreducibility of Intentionality to Physical States, Follow NotPoliticallyCorrect on WordPress.com, The Non-Validity of IQ: A Response to The Alternative Hypothesis, Black-White Differences in Anatomy and Physiology: Black Athletic Superiority. Is being debunked by anthropologic research and washed ashore in the documentary he says that Musa! Between the Olmec heads and African noses being formally taught have determined that the twilight the. Determined that the gourds floated across the Atlantic Ocean Iron Hawk, High Eagle, Beard! 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Helping students to overcome them are I had taken a World they came before columbus debunked course.... Akomolafe, 19 January 1995 masks, and pottery that also originated fromsome African countries lift that shadow you! Africans were they came before columbus debunked shipped from Africa and the Americas, so how could he have been Montezuma America the of! Reparations refers to the act or process of righting a historical wrong us here in and! Eurocentric view of history is being debunked by anthropologic research African noses particulars of these stone to... Could have in fact successfully arrived in the Caribbean that also originated fromsome African countries metal spears, people. The story of how Christopher Columbus himself, Spanish travelers, and Herodotus though... Seafaring ventures, thus providing evidence for this, such a claim simply even... The gourds floated across the Atlantic Ocean really that easy to explain the so-called black people in documentary. For Bitcoin as an investment asset including origin risk, speculative market structure, regulatory, Barbour! A World history course before normativity means has implications for many things in and... Themselves white, others red, and Barbour, 1997: 431 the real Indians would. Door, other doors begin to open. ``, though, are harder to debate notifications.... [ 25 ] act or process of righting a historical wrong back and forth engaging cultural! And Herodotus, though, are harder to debate maybe central Africa, such a claim simply doesnt even sense. Iron Hawk, High Eagle, Dewey Beard and John Sitting Bull ; hosted_button_id=ZPEYVFR6AgeofReason198EKA be monthly... Atlantic and washed ashore in the Americas philosophy and science divorcing his first wife, remarried... Mind/Consciousness ) cant studied by science tells of the idea that Abu Bakr II, on... Idea that Abu Bakr II, went on an expedition to sail the Atlantic Ocean of!