A keel section at the base of the truss is specified for buoyancy during towing and contains fixed ballast. Another design and engineering focus relates to the foundation pile design. The freestanding compliant tower concept (Fig. Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron Corporation and Marathon Oil in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. Help with editing, Content of PetroWiki is intended for personal use only and to supplement, not replace, engineering judgment. A compliant piled tower design, it is 609.9 metres (2,001 ft) high, and was arguably the tallest free-standing structure in the world, until surpassed by the Burj Khalifa in 2010, although this claim is disputed since only 75 metres of the platform are above water. Texaco completes Petronius platform installation Texaco Inc. said Friday it has successfully installed the second deck module of its Petronius compliant tower platform in the Gulf of Mexico. Kaiser, Mark J. The Petronius compliant tower structure is located in Viosca Knoll Block 786, about 130 miles southeast of New Orleans. / Liu, Mingming (2014): Decommissioning cost estimation in the deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico – Fixed platforms and compliant towers. 6. Hydrocarbon fluids from the reservoir have extremely high pressure and temperature, around 15,000 psi and 250°F. The tendons are secured in a foundation template piled into the seabed. Further, many of the conventional mooring systems are deployed in the catenary configuration, giving low stiffness, which allows considerable offsets and poor response. Dry trees allow direct and continuous access to the wells for maintenance and re-entry. The platform is situated to exploit the Petronius field, discovered in 1995 in Viosca Knoll (block VK 786) and named after Petronius, the Roman writer. Deep draft floaters for water depths up to 10,000 ft. 5. The hull and deck, together with drilling facilities and quarters, will weigh more than 50,000 tons. Approximately 60,000 barrels of oil and 100 million cubic feet of natural gas are produced daily by the Petronius platform. Compliant towers can be constructed using techniques that have evolved for steel-jacket structures. Oil platform - Wikipedia Likewise, this definition does not count structures that are built underground or on the seabed, such as the Petronius Platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The primary considerations for stability revolve around the location of the center of gravity and the relative location of the center of buoyancy; see Fig. A TLP deck may be fabricated separately from the hull and mated in a manner similar to that adopted for concrete gravity base platforms. Exxon in 1983 installed the first guyed tower named Lena Guyed tower in the Mississippi Canyon Block in 1000 ft (300 m) water depth. March 2018; ... the free-standing conc ept is adopted by Petronius platform in the Gulf of Mexico. A number of offshore platform concepts exist that meet the dry tree requirement. Riser spacing design is of prime importance; As illustrated in Fig. In this instance, intermediate structural bracing can be accommodated because barge clearance is not required. Another compliant structure is the guyed tower, which is a slender truss-steel structure supported on the sea floor by a spud-can foundation and … The matter of riser contact and clashing is covered in the TLP subsection above. In common with all spars, the vertical risers support the dry trees at the topsides, thereby providing continuous access to the wells for re-entry. A center well within the cylinder protects the production risers and their tensioning system. The upper section of the hull is a conventional cylindrical shell and provides the required buoyancy for the platform. Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron Corporation and Marathon Oil in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. Wet trees, so-called because the wellheads and Christmas trees are placed on the seabed. The Petronius Compliant Tower facility is in the deepwater area of the Gulf of Mexico at Viosca Knoll Block 786. Floating structures must increase in size to provide the necessary buoyancy to carry the extra weight, which adds incremental cost to the development. This is undesirable for operational reasons and often requires use of flexible riser systems to compensate for the movement. From an engineering and economic perspective, cost-effective steel-jacket structures are extremely difficult, if not impossible, to design beyond 1,500 ft. To circumvent this problem for water depths beyond 1,500 ft, the industry has developed concepts that work on the other side of the damaging significant wave energy (i.e., structures that have natural periods of greater than 20 seconds). Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. This page was last edited on 2 June 2015, at 22:32. 2013: Invented Dual chain handling Chain wheel for costs and weight savings for chain handling on mooring systems. A payload of up to 50,000 tons can be accommodated, including drilling or workover rig and full production equipment. The size and type of reservoir and the anticipated extent and cost of well intervention often dictate the selection of dry vs. wet trees. The lines are moored to the seabed using a vertically loaded anchor. The production risers may suffer from vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) caused by the current, especially in high-current regions such as the Gulf of Mexico and the West of Shetlands. 5. Mooring is achieved using a taut system of mooring lines composed of chain and wire or polyester. Do you really want to delete this item from your favorites? 3 illustrates the TLP concept. Vertical and lateral stability is assured through the use of either flotation devices (Fig. Another hurdle to overcome is at the top of the riser where the well fluids are transferred to the processing deck. We’re pushing it to new limits, new extremes. 1 and Fig. The facility is located at 28°13′44″ N/−87°47′51″ W and the area within 500 meters (1640.4 feet) from each point on the facility structure's outer edge is a safety zone. 1—The Baldpate Compliant Tower is one of the tallest free-standing structures in the world – Empire State Building (right) for comparison (Web Photograph, Amerada Hess Corp., New York City). The Thunder Horse concept will be the largest production semisubmersible ever built, having a two-level deck measuring about 455 ft long and 360 ft wide, mounted on a four-column hull. A number of options exist for the placement of the template(s) and piling. 1) and guys (Fig. Latitude: 29° 06' 18.00" N and economic standpoints. Petronius The Petronius compliant piled tower design has been called one of the tallest free-standing structures in the world, surpassed only by the Burj Khalifa skyscraper. Fig. Corporation and Marathon Oil in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. The facility is located at 28°13′44″ N/−87°47′51″ W and the area within 500 meters (1640.4 feet) from each point on the facility structure's outer edge is a safety zone. Fig. TLPs carry the disadvantage in such a water deep, their rigid steel tendons anchoring the floating hull to the seabed become too heavy and costly. Latitude: 29° 06' 18.00" N Fig. As the floating structure heels, it gives rise to a restoring moment, which stabilizes the system. Tendons may be attached to the template or directly to the piles. One of the functions of the moorings is to guarantee the integrity of the risers, but moorings are subject to practical limits regarding their numbers and strength. Compliant towers are designed to sustain significant lateral deflections and forces, and are typically used in water depths ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 feet (450 to 900 m). ], Use this section to list papers in OnePetro that a reader who wants to learn more should definitely read, Use this section to provide links to relevant material on websites other than PetroWiki and OnePetro, Fixed steel and concrete gravity base structures, Flow assurance for offshore and subsea facilities, Flexible risers and steel catenary risers (SCR), https://petrowiki.spe.org/index.php?title=Compliant_and_floating_systems&oldid=46966, 4.5 Offshore facilities and subsea systems, Copyright 2012-2021, Society of Petroleum Engineers, Compliant towers for water depths up to 3,000 ft, Tension leg platforms (TLPs) for water depths up to 5,000 ft with the potential for application to 7,000 ft following further development effort, Floating production systems for water depths up to 7,000 ft. The six-well platform began production July 2000 and at that time was claimed to be the highest free-standing structure in the world with a flare boom 2,000 ft (609 m) above the sea floor. The reservoir itself lies deep below the seabed—some zones are more than 3.7 miles down; others lie below salt formations, requiring costly and time-consuming wells. The Tombua-Landana project is using established technology . The lower section is a braced truss system with heave plates to achieve the desired heave motion characteristics. Fig. Load and fatigue limitations for these risers are a significant challenge. Fig. The rig consists of narrow, flexible (compliant) towers and a piled foundation supporting a conventional deck for drilling and production operations. The consequence of this is the structure becomes dynamically responsive, and fatigue becomes a paramount consideration. The Petronius compliant tower was installed in four sections: foundation, bottom section, top section, and module support frame in Viosca Knoll 786. The advantage of the monohull FPS is primarily that processed oil can be stored on board the vessel prior to export, making them in effect FPSO facilities. Installation of the Tombua Landana Compliant Tower was split into two phases. The rig consists of narrow, flexible (compliant) towers and a piled foundation supporting a conventional deck for drilling and production operations. Additional steelwork is required to stiffen the structure. 2—Guyed tower concept (Photographic Archives, ExxonMobil). Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. In: Marine Structures , v. 37 (July 2014) , pp. Located around 6,000 ft of water depth, the field’s reserves are contained within eight adjacent offshore license blocks, making it impossible to reach all reserves from a single drilling center. The Benguela Belize Topsides dry weight of 33,300 s.t. ). Spars supporting the weight of the dry-tree steel risers and keeping these in tension becomes a critical factor. Petronius (oil platform): Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron Corporation and Marathon Oil in the Gulf of Mexico, 210 km southeast of New Orleans, United States. For FPSs, it is perhaps revealing to consider the approach adopted by BP in its currently ongoing development for the Thunder Horse deepwater field in the Gulf of Mexico. VIV and VIM can significantly reduce the fatigue life of both the riser and the wellhead. 2). Other forms of deep-draft floaters include deep-draft semisubmersibles and hull arrangements other than the arrangement shown in Fig. These are among the highest yet to be handled in the offshore industry. Petroleum stubs A compliant tower(CT) is a fixed rig structure normally used for the offshore production of oilor gas. Flexible risers and steel catenary risers (SCR) are two common systems available to the subsea engineer. from Toronto. Fig. 6—Stability of floating systems (courtesy of MSL Engineering). Petronius is a deepwater compliant tower oil platform operated by Chevron . A compliant tower (CT) is a fixed rig structure normally used for the offshore production of oil or gas. One common feature of fixed steel structures is that it is essentially “fixed” (i.e., it acts as a cantilever fixed at the seabed). 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